L’externalització dels serveis esportius municipals. Estudi de cas a Bizkaia

En l’estudi que hem efectuat a Bizkaia, les entitats esportives municipals han incorporat l’externalització de serveis com una tècnica fonamental en la seva administració i gestió. En aquest cas, la subcontractació s’utilitza no només per a processos auxiliars a la producció i prestació del servei, sinó també i el que és més rellevant, en els processos clau de l’organització que són l’eix vertebral a partir del qual es conforma la missió o raó de ser de les entitats esportives municipals. La justificació de l’ús de l’externalització d’aquests serveis se centra bàsicament a buscar tècnics especialistes que assegurin més bona qualitat al servei ofert, a reduir costos i adequar-se a una demanda cada vegada més diversificada i exigent. En aquest sentit i sobretot per dur a terme la gestió de les escoles esportives municipals, són els clubs i les associacions esportives existents al municipi les entitats que adquireixen un protagonisme especial. L’ús d’aquesta tècnica d’externalització de serveis requereix ser inclosa dins de la pròpia estratègia de l’entitat, i cal formalitzar-ne el procés d’avaluació i control per poder conèixer l’impacte i l’efecte que, el també anomenat outsourcing, pugui tenir en els processos clau de les entitats esportives municipals

Negotiating Boundaries: The Nurse Family Member Caring for Her Own Relative in Palliative Care

This research illuminates the challenges of living well within one's own family as a nurse caring for her own relative who is dying of a cancer-related illness. Developing a deeper awareness of the consequences of this caring work has been the central focus for inquiry in this research. Nursing requires epistemologies that encompass new ways of understanding how we live within our own families and communities and practice as nurses. The theoretical framework that guides this research interprets the French Philosopher Michel Foucault's (1926-1984) critical history of thought as an ethical project for nursing. It uses conceptual tools developed in his later writing and interviews to draw attention to how discursive knowledge and practices constitute subjectivity in relations of truth, power and the self's relation to the self. The first aspect of the analysis, landscapes of care examines the techniques of discourse as relations of power and knowledge that constitute nurse family members as subjects who have relationships with their own families and other health professionals. The second aspect analyses care of the self and others as self work undertaken to form the self as a particular kind of subject and achieve mastery over one's thoughts and actions. Nurses are called to care because they are present within their families with knowledge and expertise that makes a difference to how a dying relative experiences palliative care. Caring discourse positions nurses with responsibilities to their own; responsibilities that require sensitivity in knowing how to negotiate the relational spaces that constitute relationships with other family members and health professionals. Family discourse calls nurse family members to care as daughters, daughters-in-law, wives or mothers within normative understandings about the obligations that families have to care for their ill or dependent members. The discourse of expertise in knowing as a nurse positions nurse family members as interpreters of information for their families and observers who use their inside knowledge of how the health system works to watch over the ill person's clinical care. This expertise, which becomes visible as the exercise of professional authority in practising nursing, challenges the normative frameworks that classify and demarcate professional and lay roles in caring for the dying person. As an exploration of the complex and contradictory subjectivities of the nurse family member, this research illuminates the forms and limits of nursing practice knowledge. It shows how nursing is practised, and the identity of the nurse is created, through intellectual, political and relational work, undertaken on the self in relation to others, as modes of ethical engagement. Within this ethical engagement, nurse family members work to transform the self into discursive subjects, with the knowledge, skills and other capacities that are necessary to honour their commitments and responsibilities for care of another person. The experience of caring for their own relative transforms nurse family members' previously held values about how nurses ought to be with others in their professional work, creating a deeper sense of interest in and concern for the vulnerability of other people in palliative care

Institutional leadership—the historical case study of a religious organisation

In this chapter, I discuss institutional leadership vis-à-vis the value of poverty. To do so, I analyse how poverty has been conceptualised within a Catholic religious organisation, the Jesuits. The chapter shows that, in the Jesuit case, poverty is not strictly defined. Instead, poverty results from the constant dialogue between the individual Jesuit and their leader. This means that the understanding of what constitutes poverty is neither explicit nor implicit. The chapter contributes to our understanding of institutional leadership as the promotion and protection of values, as per Selznick’s classical definition. However, we discuss a less known part of Selznick’s work in which the ambiguous character of values is highlighted. In this sense, and after the Jesuit case, we advance the possibility that the promotion and protection of institutional values by institutional leaders does not necessarily imply the definition of what a value is. As values are not defined beforehand but the result of a constant dialogue between the leader and their followers, institutional leadership can be revisited and freed from the heroic view that has long characterised it

"Validity of a scale of Latin American perception of fear and concern transmitted by the media during the pandemic (MED-LAT-COVID-19)"

"Introduction: The pandemic has caused fear, especially due to the daily disseminated news; however, there is not an instrument to measure this fear in multiple realities. Objective: To validate a scale for Latin American perception of fear and concern transmitted by the media during the pandemic. Methodology: This is an instrumental study. The survey was based on an instrument which was pre-validated in Peru and submitted to 15 experts in almost 10 countries. Subsequently, thousands of people were surveyed in 13 Latin American countries, whose answers were used for descriptive statistics for validation. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) generated two re-specifications, where four items were eliminated from the original scale. With these changes, the global goodness of fit (absolute and incremental) were satisfactory (CFI ¼ 0.978; TLI ¼ 0.964; GFI ¼ 0.976; AGFI ¼ 0.949; RMSEA ¼ 0.075 and RMR ¼ 0.029). The first factor measures the media exaggeration (three questions); the second, the fear transmitted by the media (three questions); and the third, the fear transmitted by others different from the media (two questions). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was higher than 0.70 for the scale and its factors. Conclusion: The MED-LAT-COVID-19 scale reported a good adjustment. It has eight items in three factors, which could be measured in an isolated way, or along with other tests that assess mental health in the current pandemic context.

Inspecting the Ribozyme Region of Hepatitis Delta Virus Genotype 1: Conservation and Variability

Gene silencing; Quasispecies; RibozymeSilenciament gènic; Quasiespècie; RibozimaSilenciamiento de genes; Cuasiespecies; RibozimaThe hepatitis delta virus (HDV) genome has an autocatalytic region called the ribozyme, which is essential for viral replication. The aim of this study was to use next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze the ribozyme quasispecies (QS) in order to study its evolution and identify highly conserved regions potentially suitable for a gene-silencing strategy. HDV RNA was extracted from 2 longitudinal samples of chronic HDV patients and the ribozyme (nucleotide, nt 688–771) was analyzed using NGS. QS conservation, variability and genetic distance were analyzed. Mutations were identified by aligning sequences with their specific genotype consensus. The main relevant mutations were tested in vitro. The ribozyme was conserved overall, with a hyper-conserved region between nt 715–745. No difference in QS was observed over time. The most variable region was between nt 739–769. Thirteen mutations were observed, with three showing a higher frequency: T23C, T69C and C64 deletion. This last strongly reduced HDV replication by more than 1 log in vitro. HDV Ribozyme QS was generally highly conserved and was maintained during follow-up. The most conserved portion may be a valuable target for a gene-silencing strategy. The presence of the C64 deletion may strongly impair viral replication, as it is a potential mechanism of viral persistence.This research was funded by Institute of Health Carlos III, grant number PI20/01692 and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)- Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, grantRTI2018-101936-B-I00

The SDSS-V Black Hole Mapper Reverberation Mapping Project: Unusual Broad-Line Variability in a Luminous Quasar

We present a high-cadence multi-epoch analysis of dramatic variability of three broad emission lines (MgII, H$\beta$, and H$\alpha$) in the spectra of the luminous quasar ($\lambda L_{\lambda}$(5100\r{A}) = $4.7 \times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$) SDSS J141041.25+531849.0 at $z = 0.359$ with 127 spectroscopic epochs over 9 years of monitoring (2013-2022). We observe anti-correlations between the broad emission-line widths and flux in all three emission lines, indicating that all three broad emission lines "breathe" in response to stochastic continuum variations. We also observe dramatic radial velocity shifts in all three broad emission lines, ranging from $\Delta{v}$ $\sim$400 km s$^{-1}$ to $\sim$800 km s$^{-1}$, that vary over the course of the monitoring period. Our preferred explanation for the broad-line variability is complex kinematics in the broad-line region gas. We suggest a model for the broad-line variability that includes a combination of gas inflow with a radial gradient, an azimuthal asymmetry (e.g., a hot spot), superimposed on the stochastic flux-driven changes to the optimal emission region ("line breathing"). Similar instances of line-profile variability due to complex gas kinematics around quasars are likely to represent an important source of false positives in radial velocity searches for binary black holes, which typically lack the kind of high-cadence data we analyze here. The long-duration, wide-field, and many-epoch spectroscopic monitoring of SDSS-V BHM-RM provides an excellent opportunity for identifying and characterizing broad emission-line variability, and the inferred nature of the inner gas environment, of luminous quasars

Análisis de frecuencias conjunto para la estimación de avenidas de diseño

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La externalización de los servicios deportivos municipales. Estudio de caso en Bizkaia

En el estudio que hemos efectuado en Bizkaia, las entidades deportivas municipales han incorporado la externalización de servicios como una técnica fundamental en su administración y gestión. En este caso la subcontratación se utiliza no sólo para procesos auxiliares en la producción y prestación del servicio, sino también y lo que es más relevante, en aquellos procesos clave de la organización que son el eje vertebral a partir del cual se conforma la misión o razón de ser de las entidades deportivas municipales. La justificación del empleo de la externalización de estos servicios se centra básicamente en buscar técnicos especialistas que aseguren mayor calidad al servicio ofertado, en reducir costes y adecuarse a una demanda cada vez más diversificada y exigente. En este sentido y sobre todo para llevar a cabo la gestión de las escuelas deportivas municipales son los clubes y asociaciones deportivas existentes en el municipio las entidades que adquieren un protagonismo especial. El empleo de esta técnica de externalización de servicios requiere ser incluida dentro de la propia estrategia de la entidad, formalizando el proceso de evaluación y control de la misma para poder conocer el impacto y efecto que el también llamado outsourcing pueda tener en los procesos clave de las entidades deportivas municipales

Solución analítica aproximada de la ecuación de tránsito de avenidas en vasos

7 p